What Is Pearl Jewellery?

Pearl jewellery has been treasured for centuries, admired for its natural beauty, soft lustre, and timeless elegance. From ancient royalty to modern brides, pearls have always symbolised purity, love, and sophistication. Today, handmade pearl jewellery continues to be just as relevant, offering a versatile and meaningful choice for everyday wear, special occasions, and thoughtful jewellery gifts.

But what exactly is pearl jewellery, and why has it remained so loved for so long?

Pearls are one of the oldest gemstones known to humankind. Unlike other gemstones that must be cut and polished, pearls are formed organically inside living molluscs, making them truly unique among precious materials. 

A mollusc is a type of soft-bodied animal that usually lives in water and often has a shell. Pearls are formed inside certain molluscs, such as oysters (saltwater pearls) and mussels (freshwater pearls).

A pearl begins its life when a tiny irritant, such as a grain of sand or a natural organic particle, enters the mollusc. To protect itself, the mollusc coats the irritant with layers of nacre — the same substance that lines the inside of its shell. Over time, these layers build up to form a pearl, creating its distinctive lustre and depth.

Today, most pearls used in jewellery are freshwater pearls that are carefully farmed in controlled environments. Pearl farming mirrors this natural process by gently introducing an irritant into the mollusc, allowing the pearl to form naturally over several months or years. Once harvested, the pearls are cleaned, sorted, and selected for their shape, colour, and lustre before being used in handmade jewellery. This process ensures a sustainable and ethical supply of pearls while preserving the natural beauty that has made pearl jewellery so enduring.

Historically, pearls were incredibly rare and valuable. In ancient times, they were worn by royalty and nobility as symbols of wealth and status. Cleopatra famously dissolved a pearl in vinegar to demonstrate her power and riches, while pearls were widely worn across ancient Rome, Egypt, and Asia.

Today, most pearls used in jewellery are freshwater pearls, carefully cultivated to ensure sustainability and consistent quality. These pearls still retain the organic beauty and individuality that have made pearl jewellery so enduring throughout history.

Handmade pearl jewellery is jewellery that has been thoughtfully designed and crafted by hand rather than mass-produced. Each pearl is carefully selected for its shape, colour, and lustre, and many pieces are hand-knotted to protect the pearls and allow them to move beautifully when worn.

Because pearls are natural gemstones, no two are exactly the same — which means every handmade pearl necklace, bracelet, or pair of earrings is completely unique. This individuality is part of what makes pearl jewellery feel so personal and special.

One simple method is the tooth test. Gently rub a pearl against the surface of your tooth:

• Real pearls will feel slightly gritty or textured

• Imitation pearls will feel smooth and slippery

Real freshwater pearls also tend to have small natural imperfections and variations, which add to their charm and authenticity. While this test isn’t fool proof, it’s a quick and easy way to gain confidence in the quality of your pearls.

Pearls have long been associated with weddings and bridal jewellery, and for good reason. Traditionally, pearls symbolise purity, love, and new beginnings — making them a meaningful choice for wedding day jewellery.

Brides often choose pearl jewellery because it feels elegant without overpowering their outfit. A freshwater pearl necklace, pearl stud earrings, or a delicate pearl bracelet can enhance a wedding dress beautifully while still feeling timeless in photographs years later.

Pearls are also popular for bridesmaids and mothers of the bride, as they complement a wide range of styles and colours, making them a versatile and thoughtful wedding jewellery choice.

One of the reasons pearl jewellery remains so popular is how easy it is to wear. Thanks to their soft, neutral tones, pearls pair effortlessly with almost any outfit.

Whether styled with casual clothing, workwear, or evening outfits, pearl jewellery adds a subtle elegance without feeling overstated. This versatility makes pearls perfect for people who may not wear jewellery often, as well as those who love timeless, wearable designs.

Because pearls are easy to wear, meaningful, and timeless, they make wonderful jewellery gifts. A piece of handmade pearl jewellery can mark birthdays, anniversaries, weddings, or simply be given as a gesture of love and appreciation. In fact a 30th Wedding Anniversary is also known as the Pearl Wedding Anniversary because pearls are a symbol of wisdom, patience and the rare enduring beauty of a 30 year marriage.

Pearl jewellery is often chosen as a gift because:

• It suits all ages

• It doesn’t go out of style

• It can be worn again and again

• Each piece feels personal and unique

When gifted thoughtfully, pearl jewellery becomes something to treasure rather than something worn once and forgotten.

To keep your pearl jewellery looking beautiful:

• Avoid contact with perfume, hairspray, and lotions

• Gently wipe pearls with a soft cloth after wearing

• Store pearls flat and separately from other jewellery

Over time, well-loved pearls may benefit from professional pearl restringing, which helps maintain their strength, shape, and beauty.

Pearl jewellery continues to stand the test of time because it blends tradition with modern wearability. Whether worn as a statement piece or a subtle everyday accessory, handmade pearl jewellery offers elegance, meaning, and versatility in a way few gemstones can.

From weddings to everyday moments, pearls remain a beautiful reminder that the most timeless things are often the simplest.